{"id":1559,"date":"2024-08-28T17:07:39","date_gmt":"2024-08-28T17:07:39","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/tramedhealth.com\/?p=1559"},"modified":"2024-08-28T17:07:40","modified_gmt":"2024-08-28T17:07:40","slug":"measles-and-how-to-prevent-it-effectively","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/tramedhealth.com\/vi\/infectious-disease\/measles-and-how-to-prevent-it-effectively\/","title":{"rendered":"B\u1ec7nh S\u1edfi v\u00e0 L\u00e0m sao \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00f2ng ng\u1eeba hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3?"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0110\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a v\u1ec1 b\u1ec7nh s\u1edfi<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/3278563\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" title=\"\">B\u1ec7nh s\u1edfi<\/a><\/strong> l\u00e0 b\u1ec7nh truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec5m c\u1ea5p t\u00ednh do virus s\u1edfi g\u00e2y ra \u1edf tr\u1ebb em v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1edbn ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 mi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch. S\u1edfi l\u00e0 b\u1ec7nh l\u00e2y qua \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u00f4 h\u1ea5p n\u00ean c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e2y lan th\u00e0nh d\u1ecbch l\u1edbn trong c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 mi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch. \u0110a ph\u1ea7n b\u1ec7nh s\u1edfi th\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u1eb9, tuy nhi\u00ean c\u00e1c bi\u1ebfn ch\u1ee9ng nh\u01b0 vi\u00eam ph\u1ed5i, vi\u00eam n\u00e3o - m\u00e0ng n\u00e3o c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i di ch\u1ee9ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 h\u1ed3i ph\u1ee5c. \u1ede thai ph\u1ee5 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y ra t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng s\u1ea9y thai, sinh non.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>T\u00e1c nh\u00e2n g\u00e2y b\u1ec7nh s\u1edfi l\u00e0 virus s\u1edfi thu\u1ed9c h\u1ecd <em>Paramyxoviridae<\/em> Virus s\u1edfi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y trong ch\u1ea5t nh\u1ea7y \u1edf h\u1ecdng, m\u00e1u v\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u1ec3u v\u00e0o cu\u1ed1i th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 \u1ee7 b\u1ec7nh v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian sau khi b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n d\u00e3 ph\u00e1t ban. B\u1ec7nh l\u00e2y lan m\u1ea1nh nh\u1ea5t trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng vi\u00eam long v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m khi ban xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img data-dominant-color=\"8b4f46\" data-has-transparency=\"false\" style=\"--dominant-color: #8b4f46;\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"576\"   src=\"https:\/\/tramedhealth.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Measles-01-1024x576.avif\" alt=\"Measles is an acute infectious disease caused by the measles virus, affecting children and unvaccinated adults.\" class=\"not-transparent wp-image-1573\" srcset=\"https:\/\/tramedhealth.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Measles-01-1024x576.avif 1024w, https:\/\/tramedhealth.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Measles-01-300x169.avif 300w, https:\/\/tramedhealth.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Measles-01-768x432.avif 768w, https:\/\/tramedhealth.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Measles-01-1536x864.avif 1536w, https:\/\/tramedhealth.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Measles-01-2048x1152.avif 2048w, https:\/\/tramedhealth.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Measles-01-18x10.avif 18w, https:\/\/tramedhealth.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Measles-01-1280x720.avif 1280w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><em>Nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n b\u1ec7nh s\u1edfi<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n<p>Virus s\u1edfi v\u00e0o c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi qua l\u1edbp ni\u00eam m\u1ea1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u00f4 h\u1ea5p ho\u1eb7c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 qua k\u1ebft m\u1ea1c m\u1eaft. Vi\u1ec7c c\u00e1ch ly ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh t\u1ea1i nh\u00e0 ho\u1eb7c c\u01a1 s\u1edf y t\u1ebf l\u00e0 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh b\u1ec7nh l\u00e2y lan th\u00e0nh d\u1ecbch.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh s\u1edfi<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh s\u1edfi tr\u1ea3i qua 4 th\u1eddi k\u00ec \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1. <strong>Th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 \u1ee7 b\u1ec7nh<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>T\u00ednh t\u1eeb l\u00fac virus s\u1edfi x\u00e2m nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh \u0111\u1ebfn khi xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean l\u00e0 tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng s\u1ed1t. Th\u1eddi k\u00ec n\u00e0y k\u00e9o d\u00e0i t\u1eeb 8-21 ng\u00e0y, trung b\u00ecnh 10 ng\u00e0y. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1edbn c\u00f3 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng \u1ee7 b\u1ec7nh l\u00e2u h\u01a1n tr\u1ebb em.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2. <strong>Th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 kh\u1edfi ph\u00e1t<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Th\u1eddi k\u00ec n\u00e0y c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 th\u1eddi k\u00ec vi\u00eam long, k\u00e9o d\u00e0i 3-5 ng\u00e0y. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 th\u1eddi k\u00ec l\u00e2y lan nh\u1ea5t v\u1edbi c\u00e1c bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n ch\u00ednh:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>S\u1ed1t:<\/strong> kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ea7u l\u00e0 s\u1ed1t nh\u1eb9, sau \u0111\u00f3 th\u00e2n nhi\u1ec7t t\u0103ng nhanh ch\u00f3ng 39-40 \u0111\u1ed9 C k\u00e8m theo m\u1ec7t m\u1ecfi, u\u1ec3 o\u1ea3i to\u00e0n th\u00e2n, nh\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ea7u, \u0111au kh\u1edbp.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Vi\u00eam long (vi\u00eam xu\u1ea5t ti\u1ebft):<\/strong> vi\u00eam long \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u00f4 h\u1ea5p th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p l\u00e0 ho khan ho\u1eb7c ho \u0111\u00e0m, ch\u1ea3y n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u0169i, h\u1eaft h\u01a1i; vi\u00eam k\u1ebft m\u1ea1c m\u1eaft, ch\u1ea3y n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eaft, nhi\u1ec1u gh\u00e8n, k\u1ebft m\u1ea1c m\u1eaft \u0111\u1ecf, ph\u00f9 n\u1ec1 mi m\u1eaft. Vi\u00eam long \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ti\u00eau ho\u00e1 g\u00e2y ti\u00eau ch\u1ea3y t\u0103ng xu\u1ea5t ti\u1ebft, \u0111au b\u1ee5ng nh\u1eb9.<br>D\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u ch\u00ednh \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft vi\u00eam long l\u00e0: Ho, ch\u1ea3y n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u0169i, v\u00e0 vi\u00eam k\u1ebft m\u1ea1c m\u1eaft. Trong \u0111\u00f3 ho l\u00e0 tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng h\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 lu\u00f4n c\u00f3.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>N\u1ed9i ban:<\/strong> Ni\u00eam m\u1ea1c h\u1ecdng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u1ed5i c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t tr\u1eafng, k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1ecf nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111inh ghim, n\u1ed5i g\u1ed3 gh\u1ec1 tr\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ni\u00eam m\u1ea1c m\u00e1 (ph\u00eda trong mi\u1ec7ng, th\u01b0\u1eddng ngang r\u0103ng h\u00e0m), xung quanh th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 sung huy\u1ebft, tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 d\u1ea5u Koplik. D\u1ea5u Koplik xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n nhi\u1ec1u s\u1ebd g\u00e2y \u0111au r\u00e1t v\u00f9ng mi\u1ec7ng k\u00e8m vi\u00eam n\u01b0\u1edbu r\u0103ng l\u00e0m b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n \u0103n u\u1ed1ng k\u00e9m, gi\u1ea3m ngon mi\u1ec7ng. C\u00e1c h\u1ea1t Koplik bi\u1ebfn m\u1ea5t trong 24-72 gi\u1edd sau khi xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n b\u1ec7nh s\u1edfi s\u1edbm v\u00e0 ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn.<br>H\u1ea1ch b\u1ea1ch huy\u1ebft c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u01b0ng to, \u0111au.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3. <strong>Th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 to\u00e0n ph\u00e1t<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>B\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u ph\u00e1t b\u1ea1n v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 4-6 sau khi kh\u1edfi ph\u00e1t b\u1ec7nh. Ban s\u1edfi l\u00e0 ban kh\u00f4ng t\u1ea9m nhu\u1eadn, c\u00f3 d\u1ea1ng d\u00e1t s\u1ea9n, k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1ecf, h\u01a1i n\u1ed5i g\u1ed3 gh\u1ec1 l\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t da, b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t h\u1ed3ng ban s\u1edd c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c m\u1ecbn, gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c n\u1ed1t ban l\u00e0 kho\u1ea3ng da l\u00e0nh. Ban m\u1ecdc r\u1ea3i r\u00e1c hay d\u00ednh li\u1ec1n v\u1edbi nhau th\u00e0nh t\u1eebng m\u1ea3ng tr\u00f2n 3-6mm. S\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t ban xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n theo tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Ng\u00e0y 1:<\/strong> m\u1ecdc sau tai r\u1ed3i lan d\u1ea7n ra hai b\u00ean m\u00e1, c\u1ed5.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Ng\u00e0y 2:<\/strong> ban lan xu\u1ed1ng ng\u1ef1c, b\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 hai tay.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Ng\u00e0y 3:<\/strong> ban lan ra sau l\u01b0ng, h\u00f4ng v\u00e0 ch\u00e2n.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img data-dominant-color=\"d3a481\" data-has-transparency=\"false\" style=\"--dominant-color: #d3a481;\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"577\"   src=\"https:\/\/tramedhealth.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Measles-02-1024x577.avif\" alt=\"Measles is an acute infectious disease caused by the measles virus, affecting children and unvaccinated adults.\" class=\"not-transparent wp-image-1574\" srcset=\"https:\/\/tramedhealth.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Measles-02-1024x577.avif 1024w, https:\/\/tramedhealth.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Measles-02-300x169.avif 300w, https:\/\/tramedhealth.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Measles-02-768x432.avif 768w, https:\/\/tramedhealth.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Measles-02-18x10.avif 18w, https:\/\/tramedhealth.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Measles-02-1280x720.avif 1280w, https:\/\/tramedhealth.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Measles-02-jpg.avif 1396w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><em>Tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh s\u1edfi<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n<p>Khi b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u ph\u00e1t ban, th\u00e2n nhi\u1ec7t 39-40 \u0111\u1ed9 C, b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n m\u1ec7t m\u1ecfi nhi\u1ec1u, ho nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n, ho khan ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u00e0m tr\u1eafng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Sau khi ph\u00e1t ban 3 ng\u00e0y, ban \u0111\u00e3 lan ra to\u00e0n th\u00e2n th\u00ec nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 th\u01b0\u1eddng gi\u1ea3m, c\u00e1c tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng to\u00e0n th\u00e2n nhanh ch\u00f3ng bi\u1ebfn m\u1ea5t, b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n th\u1ea5y kho\u1ebb h\u1eb3n m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 c\u00f2n ho nhi\u1ec1u.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>N\u1ebfu th\u1eddi k\u00ec n\u00e0y b\u1ec7nh c\u00f2n s\u1ed1t cao, c\u1ea7n theo d\u00f5i nh\u1eefng bi\u1ebfn ch\u1ee9ng n\u1eb7ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ngo\u00e0i ra, b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n c\u00f2n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng h\u1ea1ch s\u01b0ng to, \u0111au, l\u00e1ch to, \u0111au b\u1ee5ng, n\u00f4n \u00f3i, ti\u00eau ch\u1ea3y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Sau khi lan kh\u1eafp to\u00e0n th\u00e2n, ban s\u1edfi s\u1ebd bi\u1ebfn m\u1ea5t d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n theo tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">4. <strong>Th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 h\u1ed3i ph\u1ee5c (Th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 lui b\u1ec7nh)<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng sau 6 ng\u00e0y ph\u00e1t b\u1ec7nh, ban s\u1edfi l\u1eb7n d\u1ea7n theo th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 khi xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c n\u1ed1t th\u00e2m c\u00f3 tr\u00f3c da m\u1ecfng, m\u1ecbn nh\u01b0 v\u1ea3y c\u00e1m. Nh\u1eefng ch\u1ed7 th\u00e2m \u0111en tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t da xen l\u1eabn v\u1edbi da b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u \u201cv\u1ebft r\u1eb1n da h\u1ed5\u201d \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n b\u1ec7nh s\u1edfi. Nh\u1eefng v\u1ebft n\u00e0y s\u1ebd bi\u1ebfn m\u1ea5t sau 7-10 ng\u00e0y. B\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n h\u1ed3i ph\u1ee5c d\u1ea7n, \u0103n u\u1ed1ng ngon mi\u1ec7ng, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f2n ho nh\u01b0ng s\u1ebd gi\u1ea3m d\u1ea7n trong 2 tu\u1ea7n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">5. <strong>C\u00e1c th\u1ec3 l\u00e2m s\u00e0ng kh\u00e1c<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>B\u1ec7nh s\u1edfi nh\u1eb9:<\/strong> th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng s\u1ed1t ho\u1eb7c s\u1ed1t nh\u1eb9, ch\u1ea3y m\u0169i \u00edt, ban s\u1edfi nh\u1ee3t, m\u1edd, l\u1eb7n nhanh. Th\u1ec3 n\u00e0y d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb b\u1ecf s\u00f3t ho\u1eb7c ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n sai, d\u1ec5 g\u00e2y l\u00e2y nhi\u1ec5m trong c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u00e0nh d\u1ecbch.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>B\u1ec7nh s\u1edfi n\u1eb7ng (\u00e1c t\u00ednh):<\/strong> r\u1ea5t hi\u1ebfm g\u1eb7p, ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu \u1edf tr\u1ebb. C\u00e1c d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u n\u1eb7ng nh\u01b0 s\u1ed1t cao 39-40 \u0111\u1ed9 C, v\u1eadt v\u00e3, l\u01a1 m\u01a1, co gi\u1eadt, m\u1ea1ch nhanh, t\u1ee5t huy\u1ebft \u00e1p, ban s\u1edfi n\u1ed5i d\u00e0y \u0111\u1eb7c kh\u1eafp ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Ti\u00ean l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed vong r\u1ea5t cao.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>B\u1ec7nh s\u1edfi \u1edf ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1edbn:<\/strong> th\u01b0\u1eddng n\u1eb7ng h\u01a1n s\u1edfi \u1edf tr\u1ebb em, tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng r\u1ea7m r\u1ed9 h\u01a1n, t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 bi\u1ebfn ch\u1ee9ng cao h\u01a1n s\u1edfi \u1edf tr\u1ebb em.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>B\u1ec7nh s\u1edfi v\u00e0 thai k\u1ef3:<\/strong> s\u1edfi kh\u00f4ng g\u00e2y d\u1ecb t\u1eadt thai nhi nh\u01b0 Rubella, tuy nhi\u00ean l\u00e0m t\u0103ng nguy c\u01a1 s\u1ea9y thai v\u00e0 sanh non.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>B\u1ec7nh s\u1edfi tr\u00ean c\u01a1 \u0111\u1ecba suy gi\u1ea3m mi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch:<\/strong> Patients with compromised immune systems contracting measles have a higher mortality risk. However, symptoms are often atypical, making diagnosis challenging.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>B\u1ec7nh s\u1edfi v\u00e0 Lao:<\/strong> v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t l\u00ed thuy\u1ebft, m\u1eafc s\u1edfi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 b\u00f9ng ph\u00e1t lao.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">6. <strong>Bi\u1ebfn ch\u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh s\u1edfi<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Bi\u1ebfn ch\u1ee9ng th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p l\u00e0: vi\u00eam ph\u1ed5i, vi\u00eam thanh kh\u00ed ph\u1ebf qu\u1ea3n, ti\u00eau ch\u1ea3y, vi\u00eam tai gi\u1eefa, vi\u00eam lo\u00e9t mi\u1ec7ng, nhi\u1ec5m tr\u00f9ng b\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Bi\u1ebfn ch\u1ee9ng hi\u1ebfm g\u1eb7p: vi\u00eam n\u00e3o - m\u00e0ng n\u00e3o, vi\u00eam c\u01a1 tim, vi\u00eam m\u00e0ng ngo\u00e0i tim, vi\u00eam lo\u00e9t c\u1ee7ng m\u1ea1c - gi\u00e1c m\u1ea1c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Trong \u0111\u00f3 bi\u1ebfn ch\u1ee9ng vi\u00eam ph\u1ed5i v\u00e0 vi\u00eam n\u00e3o - m\u00e0ng n\u00e3o l\u00e0 hai nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n g\u00e2y t\u1eed vong h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u tr\u00ean b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n s\u1edfi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Bi\u1ebfn ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u00f4 h\u1ea5p:<\/strong> th\u01b0\u1eddng do b\u1ed9i nhi\u1ec5m vi khu\u1ea9n, bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n \u0111a d\u1ea1ng t\u1eeb vi\u00eam \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u00f4 h\u1ea5p tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u00eam ph\u1ed5i m\u00f4 k\u1ebd, vi\u00eam ph\u1ed5i Hecth. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh th\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ed1t cao d\u00f9 ban lan ra to\u00e0n th\u00e2n, ho nhi\u1ec1u, suy h\u00f4 h\u1ea5p.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Bi\u1ebfn ch\u1ee9ng th\u1ea7n kinh:<\/strong> vi\u00eam n\u00e3o - m\u00e0ng n\u00e3o l\u00e0 bi\u1ebfn ch\u1ee9ng nguy hi\u1ec3m nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh s\u1edfi, bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n d\u01b0\u1edbi ba d\u1ea1ng: vi\u00eam n\u00e3o c\u1ea5p, vi\u00eam n\u00e3o tu\u1ef7 lan to\u1ea3 c\u1ea5p, vi\u00eam n\u00e3o x\u01a1 c\u1ee9ng b\u00e1n c\u1ea5p.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>C\u00e1c bi\u1ebfn ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ti\u00eau ho\u00e1, tai-m\u0169i-h\u1ecdng:<\/strong> th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng qu\u00e1 tr\u1ea7m tr\u1ecdng v\u00e0 nguy hi\u1ec3m, th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p nh\u01b0 vi\u00eam h\u1ecdng, vi\u00eam h\u1ea1ch m\u1ea1c treo, vi\u00eam tai gi\u1eefa.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Bi\u1ebfn ch\u1ee9ng do suy gi\u1ea3m mi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch:<\/strong> b\u1ec7nh s\u1edfi l\u00e0m suy gi\u1ea3m mi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch qua trung gian t\u1ebf b\u00e0o, l\u00e0m c\u00e1c b\u1ec7nh c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i kh\u00e1c d\u1ec5 b\u00f9ng ph\u00e1t nh\u01b0 lao, n\u1ea5m.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Bi\u1ebfn ch\u1ee9ng \u1edf m\u1eaft:<\/strong> th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p s\u1eb9o v\u0129nh vi\u1ec5n ho\u1eb7c m\u00f9 lo\u00e0 tr\u00ean c\u01a1 \u0111\u1ecba ng\u01b0\u1eddi thi\u1ebfu vitamin A ho\u1eb7c b\u1ed9i nhi\u1ec5m Pseudomonas spp. ho\u1eb7c t\u1ee5 c\u1ea7u.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n b\u1ec7nh s\u1edfi<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u1ec7nh s\u1edfi d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o 3 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1: d\u1ecbch t\u1ec5, l\u00e2m s\u00e0ng v\u00e0 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>1. D\u1ecbch t\u1ec5 h\u1ecdc:<\/strong> l\u1ee9a tu\u1ed5i, \u0111ang c\u00f3 d\u1ecbch s\u1edfi x\u1ea3y ra, c\u00f3 ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n s\u1edfi, ti\u1ec1n s\u1eed ch\u1ee7ng ng\u1eeba s\u1edfi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>2. Tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng l\u00e2m s\u00e0ng:<\/strong> c\u00e1c tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u00e3 k\u1ec3 tr\u00ean:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>H\u1ed9i ch\u1ee9ng nhi\u1ec5m si\u00eau vi: s\u1ed1t cao, m\u1ec7t m\u1ecfi, u\u1ec3 o\u1ea3i to\u00e0n th\u00e2n, \u0103n u\u1ed1ng k\u00e9m, n\u00f4n \u00f3i, \u2026<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>H\u1ed9i ch\u1ee9ng vi\u00eam long: ho khan, ho \u0111\u00e0m, ch\u1ea3y m\u0169i, vi\u00eam k\u1ebft m\u1ea1c m\u1eaft, ti\u00eau ch\u1ea3y, \u2026<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>D\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u Koplik<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Ph\u00e1t ban d\u00e1t s\u1ea9n \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng theo th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 sau tai, m\u1eb7t c\u1ed5 lan d\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u1ef1c, b\u1ee5ng, hai tay v\u00e0 to\u00e0n th\u00e2n v\u00e0 bi\u1ebfn m\u1ea5t theo th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1. sau khi h\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i \u201cv\u1ebft r\u1eb1n da h\u1ed5\u201d<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>C\u00e1c bi\u1ebfn ch\u1ee9ng n\u1ebfu c\u00f3.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>3. X\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh:<\/strong> th\u01b0\u1eddng \u00edt \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng trong l\u00e2m s\u00e0ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Ph\u00e2n l\u1eadp t\u00ecm si\u00eau vi s\u1edfi t\u1eeb m\u00e1u, d\u1ecbch ti\u1ebft<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>T\u00ecm t\u1ebf b\u00e0o kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3 Hecht<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>X\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m ELISA t\u00ecm ImG \u0111\u1eb7c hi\u1ec7u cho s\u1edfi<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>B\u1ec7nh Rubella: th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 c\u00e1c tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng nh\u1eb9 h\u01a1n, \u00edt c\u00f3 vi\u00eam long h\u00f4 h\u1ea5p, k\u1ebft m\u1ea1c m\u1eaft., ban ch\u1ea9n k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 d\u1ea5u Koplik v\u00e0 \u201cv\u1ebft r\u1eb1n da h\u1ed5\u201d<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>B\u1ec7nh s\u1ed1t ph\u00e1t ban do si\u00eau vi kh\u00e1c: kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t ban \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 d\u1ea5u Koplik v\u00e0 v\u1ebft r\u1eb1n da h\u1ed5.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Ban do d\u1ecb \u1ee9ng: ban ch\u1ea9n kh\u00f4ng theo th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1, th\u01b0\u1eddng ng\u1ee9a v\u00e0 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n sau nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n \u0103n u\u1ed1ng, thu\u1ed1c, ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0110i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 thu\u1ed1c \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb \u0111\u1eb7c hi\u1ec7u, ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 n\u00e2ng \u0111\u1ee1 t\u1ed5ng tr\u1ea1ng.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1eafc b\u1ec7nh s\u1edfi c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c ly \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh l\u00e2y nhi\u1ec5m cho c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u00e0nh d\u1ecbch.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb s\u1edbm c\u00e1c bi\u1ebfn ch\u1ee9ng.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng v\u00e0 ngh\u1ec9 ng\u01a1i h\u1ee3p l\u00fd.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>B\u00e1o c\u00e1o d\u1ecbch theo quy \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u0110i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>H\u1ea1 s\u1ed1t:<\/strong> lau m\u00e1t, thu\u1ed1c h\u1ea1 s\u1ed1t th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng: Paracetamol, kh\u00f4ng d\u00f9ng Aspirin v\u00ec d\u1ec5 g\u00e2y h\u1ed9i ch\u1ee9ng Reyes.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>V\u1ec7 sinh m\u0169i h\u1ecdng<\/strong> tr\u00e1nh d\u00f9ng c\u00e1c thu\u1ed1c c\u00f3 Corticoid.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Gi\u1ea3m ho:<\/strong> Gi\u1ea3m ho khan b\u1eb1ng Dextromethorphan; gi\u1ea3m ho \u0111\u00e0m b\u1eb1ng Bromhexin, Acetylcystein, Ambroxol hydrochloride.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng:<\/strong> D\u00f9ng th\u1ee9c \u0103n dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng, d\u1ec5 ti\u00eau.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng Vitamin A:<\/strong> d\u00f9ng khi c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Kh\u00e1ng sinh:<\/strong> Kh\u00e1ng sinh khi c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft ho\u1eb7c khi b\u1ed9i nhi\u1ec5m, n\u00ean d\u00f9ng c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m beta lactamase, Cephalosporin th\u00ea h\u1ec7 III<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Kh\u00ed dung Adrenaline:<\/strong> n\u1ebfu c\u00f3 ph\u00f9 n\u1ec1, co th\u1eaft thanh qu\u1ea3n.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Kh\u00e1ng Histamine:<\/strong> s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng khi c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0110i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb c\u00e1c bi\u1ebfn ch\u1ee9ng n\u1eb7ng n\u1ebfu c\u00f3:<\/strong> nh\u1eadp vi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 theo d\u00f5i v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>C\u00e1ch ly ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh v\u00e0 ph\u00f2ng l\u00e2y nhi\u1ec5m<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img data-dominant-color=\"764439\" data-has-transparency=\"false\" style=\"--dominant-color: #764439;\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"535\"   src=\"https:\/\/tramedhealth.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Measles-03-1024x535.webp\" alt=\"Measles (Rubeola) is an acute infectious disease caused by the measles virus, affecting children and unvaccinated adults.\" class=\"not-transparent wp-image-1576\" srcset=\"https:\/\/tramedhealth.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Measles-03-1024x535.webp 1024w, https:\/\/tramedhealth.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Measles-03-300x157.webp 300w, https:\/\/tramedhealth.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Measles-03-768x401.webp 768w, https:\/\/tramedhealth.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Measles-03-18x9.webp 18w, https:\/\/tramedhealth.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Measles-03.webp 1200w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><em>\u0110i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh s\u1edfi<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng kh\u1ea9u trang ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt:<\/strong> cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u0103m s\u00f3c, ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac g\u1ea7n v\u00e0 nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean y t\u1ebf.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>H\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac g\u1ea7n kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft<\/strong> gi\u1eefa nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean y t\u1ebf, ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u0103m nu\u00f4i b\u1ec7nh v\u00e0 b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Th\u1eddi gian c\u00e1ch ly:<\/strong> ngay t\u1eeb l\u00fac nghi ng\u1edd m\u1eafc s\u1edfi cho \u0111\u1ebfn \u00edt nh\u1ea5t 4 ng\u00e0y sau ph\u00e1t ban.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>V\u1ec7 sinh c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n<\/strong> m\u0169i h\u1ecdng, gi\u1eef \u1ea5m c\u01a1 th\u1ec3, n\u00e2ng cao \u0111\u1ec1 kh\u00e1ng.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Ph\u00f2ng ng\u1eeba<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u0110\u00e1p \u1ee9ng mi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch:<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/tramedhealth.com\/wp-admin\/post.php?post=1559&amp;action=edit\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" title=\"\">kh\u00e1ng th\u1ec3 ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i s\u1edfi<\/a> khi t\u1ea1o ra sau nhi\u1ec5m b\u1ec7nh s\u1ebd c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 su\u1ed1t \u0111\u1eddi, gi\u00fap c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh t\u00e1i nhi\u1ec5m.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Mi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch th\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ed9ng:<\/strong> ti\u00eam b\u1eafp gamma glubulin trong v\u00f2ng 6 ng\u00e0y sau ph\u01a1i nhi\u1ec5m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00f2ng b\u1ec7nh kh\u1ea9n c\u1ea5p.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>T\u1ea1o mi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng:<\/strong> ch\u1ee7ng ng\u1eeba vaccin s\u1edfi l\u00e0m t\u1eeb virus s\u1ed1ng gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1ef1c c\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 cao v\u00e0 k\u00e9o d\u00e0i \u00edt nh\u1ea5t 5 n\u0103m.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Duy tr\u00ec sinh ho\u1ea1t l\u00e0nh m\u1ea1nh,<\/strong> t\u1eadp luy\u1ec7n th\u1ec3 d\u1ee5c th\u1ec3 thao \u0111\u1ec3 n\u00e2ng cao s\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ec1 kh\u00e1ng.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Mang trang b\u1ecb b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7:<\/strong> Mang kh\u1ea9u trang, m\u1eaft k\u00ednh, tr\u00e1nh ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac g\u1ea7n v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n vi\u00eam \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u00f4 h\u1ea5p.<\/li>\n<\/ul>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>B\u1ec7nh s\u1edfi l\u00e0 b\u1ec7nh truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec5m c\u1ea5p t\u00ednh do virus s\u1edfi g\u00e2y ra \u1edf tr\u1ebb em v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1edbn ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 mi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":1575,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"_uf_show_specific_survey":0,"_uf_disable_surveys":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[174],"tags":[176,178,177,175,179],"class_list":["post-1559","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-infectious-disease","tag-benh-soi","tag-benh-truyen-nhiem","tag-dich-soi","tag-soi","tag-soi-quai-bi-rubella"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/tramedhealth.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1559"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/tramedhealth.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/tramedhealth.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tramedhealth.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tramedhealth.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1559"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/tramedhealth.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1559\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1577,"href":"https:\/\/tramedhealth.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1559\/revisions\/1577"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tramedhealth.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1575"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/tramedhealth.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1559"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tramedhealth.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1559"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tramedhealth.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1559"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}