{"id":1491,"date":"2024-08-21T16:01:04","date_gmt":"2024-08-21T16:01:04","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/tramedhealth.com\/?p=1491"},"modified":"2024-08-21T16:01:05","modified_gmt":"2024-08-21T16:01:05","slug":"parkinsons-disease-and-how-to-mitigate-severe-symptoms","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/tramedhealth.com\/vi\/neurologycal-mental-disease\/parkinsons-disease-and-how-to-mitigate-severe-symptoms\/","title":{"rendered":"B\u1ec7nh Parkinson v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m c\u00e1c tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng?"},"content":{"rendered":"

Definition of Parkinson\u2019s Disease<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Parkinson\u2019s disease<\/a><\/strong> is a common neurodegenerative disorder, ranking second only to Alzheimer\u2019s disease<\/a>. Primarily, it is a movement control disorder, although non-motor symptoms may also be present.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Historically, the disease was first described in 1817 by James Parkinson, notably with characteristic symptoms including bradykinesia, rigidity, resting tremor, and a shuffling gait.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

The etiology of Parkinson\u2019s disease remains unclear, with several hypotheses suggesting it may be multifactorial:<\/p>\n\n\n

\n
\"Parkinson\u2019s
Causes of Parkinson\u2019s Disease<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n
    \n
  • Firstly, the Oxidative Stress Hypothesis posits that free radicals may contribute to cell death, with antioxidants regulating these reactive species. Notably, evidence indicates that oxidative mechanisms cause tissue damage.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • Secondly, the Environmental Hypothesis is based on data showing that the toxin 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) induces Parkinson\u2019s disease in humans and animals.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • Lastly, the Genetic Hypothesis suggests that mutations in the alpha-synuclein protein gene located on chromosome 4 cause a dominant inheritance pattern of Parkinson\u2019s disease.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

    Symptoms of Parkinson’s Disease<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

    Bradykinesia and Hypokinesia<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Bradykinesia and hypokinesia or akinesia are hallmark features of Parkinson\u2019s disease and can be disabling. As a result, patients exhibit a relatively immobile face, widened palpebral fissures, reduced blinking, and a fixed facial expression. Furthermore, smiling is slow to appear and disappear. Additionally, speech becomes soft and monotone, handwriting is small and difficult to read, and there is a lack of spontaneous limb movements, while rapid alternating movements are impaired.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Tremor<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Typically, a 4-6 Hz tremor is most noticeable at rest. The tremor worsens with emotional stress and diminishes with intentional movement. While tremor is easily recognizable, it is the least disabling symptom.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Rigidity<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Rigidity, or extrapyramidal hypertonia (increased resistance to passive movement), is characteristic of Parkinson\u2019s disease. Consequently, this abnormality leads to the patient\u2019s stooped posture.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Postural and Gait Abnormalities<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Patients experience difficulty rising from bed or a chair and adopt a stooped posture when standing. Small, shuffling steps with reduced arm swing characterize the gait. When turning, the patient is often unsteady and may have difficulty stopping.<\/p>\n\n\n

    \n
    \"Parkinson\u2019s
    Symptoms of Parkinson\u2019s Disease <\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n

    Other Motor Abnormalities<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

    There may be mild eyelid twitching, prolonged blink reflexes, and drooling due to impaired swallowing function.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Non-Motor Symptoms:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

      \n
    • Anosmia: An early symptom but not specific to Parkinson\u2019s disease.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • Cognitive impairment: Executive dysfunction, personality changes, depression, and apathy.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • Pain or sensory disturbances.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • Autonomic dysfunction: Urgency, urinary incontinence, and orthostatic hypotension.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • Sleep disorders: REM sleep behavior disorder.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • Seborrheic dermatitis may occur.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

      Ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

      Based on clinical characteristics, slow progression, unilateral onset with eventual contralateral spread, and predominantly asymmetric symptoms, along with a positive response to levodopa, these factors aid in the diagnosis of Parkinson\u2019s disease.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      Imaging studies such as CT scans and MRIs primarily play a role in differential diagnosis, as no single test can definitively diagnose Primary parkinsonism.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      Ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

        \n
      • Depression: Apathy, monotone speech, and reduced voluntary movements may mimic Parkinson\u2019s disease. Moreover, these two conditions often coexist.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
      • Essential tremor (benign familial tremor): Early onset with a family history.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
      • Dystonia.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
      • Drug-induced parkinsonism.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
      • Vascular parkinsonism: Rarely encountered.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
      • Normal pressure hydrocephalus.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
      • Parkinson-plus syndromes.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
      • Wilson\u2019s disease.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
      • Huntington\u2019s disease.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

        \u0110i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

        There are three components in the treatment of Parkinson\u2019s disease:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

          \n
        • Firstly, initial treatment of Parkinson\u2019s disease involves starting dopaminergic medications. Patients typically respond well to these drugs during this phase, which usually lasts 3-6 years.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
        • Secondly, managing the disease in its more advanced stages includes addressing motor fluctuations and dyskinesias.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
        • Finally, addressing non-motor symptoms and changes in mental status.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

          However, there is no universal formula for treating the disease; treatment must always be individualized for each patient.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

          Common medications used in the early stages of the disease include Rasagiline, Levodopa, and Pramipexole.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

          As Primary parkinsonism progresses over time, treatment often involves adding long-acting dopamine agonists in combination with other medications.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

          Non-motor symptoms: While motor complications can be managed with medications or deep brain stimulation, non-motor symptoms significantly contribute to disability in Parkinson\u2019s disease.<\/p>\n\n\n

          \n
          \"Parkinson\u2019s
          Treatment for Parkinson<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n

          Ph\u00f2ng ng\u1eeba<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

          It is not possible to prevent Parkinson\u2019s disease, but some lifelong habits may help reduce the risk.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

            \n
          • Avoiding toxins<\/li>\n\n\n\n
          • Avoid head trauma<\/li>\n\n\n\n
          • Exercise<\/li>\n\n\n\n
          • Dietary factors<\/li>\n<\/ul>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

            B\u1ec7nh Parkinson l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t r\u1ed1i lo\u1ea1n tho\u00e1i h\u00f3a th\u1ea7n kinh ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn, \u0111\u1ee9ng th\u1ee9 hai sau b\u1ec7nh Alzheimer. \u0110\u00e2y ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t r\u1ed1i lo\u1ea1n ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 c\u00e1c tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng kh\u00f4ng li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":1493,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"_uf_show_specific_survey":0,"_uf_disable_surveys":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[93],"tags":[140,136,137,139,138],"class_list":["post-1491","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-neurologycal-mental-disease","tag-benh-parkinson","tag-parkinson","tag-parkinsons-disease","tag-roi-loan-van-dong","tag-run"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/tramedhealth.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1491"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/tramedhealth.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/tramedhealth.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tramedhealth.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tramedhealth.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1491"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/tramedhealth.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1491\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1498,"href":"https:\/\/tramedhealth.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1491\/revisions\/1498"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tramedhealth.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1493"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/tramedhealth.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1491"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tramedhealth.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1491"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tramedhealth.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1491"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}